Thursday, October 27, 2016

Small Group Research

Our research conference is a week from today (Thursday, November 3rd), in the Cafeteria, from 3-4:30 p.m.

In today's class we clarified our research topic and created small groups with specific research tasks to accomplish before we meet next Tuesday. The topic is cooperative learning at the elementary school level.

Group/Task 1: Web search for Bay Area elementary schools that claim to use cooperative learning models. Collect website addresses and capture relevant quotes from their websites. Expand or refine the search as needed.
  • Xavier
  • Yahaira
  • Kimberly
  • Jamie

Group/Task 2: Contact teacher staff at Marine Science Institute and 5th grade teacher Nicole Shelly to interview them about their explicit or informal use of cooperative learning in the program or classroom.
  • Jose
  • Kobe
  • Kelly
  • Joseph

Group/Task 3: Re-review the sources and summaries posted on this blog for relevancy to our new focus on elementary education, and determine if there are obvious gaps to fill. Look especially for hard data that supports cooperative learning methods.
  • Monica
  • Angelina
  • Sabrina
  • Sergio
  • Moises

Group/Task 4: Find empirical data (experiments) about the cognitive science of cooperative behavior/learning in humans, specifically elementary school-age humans. A good place to start or to assign to a group member is the sources from the posted articles on this blog.
  • Julie
  • Onica
  • Alissa
  • Larissa

If you were absent today, you have been assigned to the following groups:
  1. KIMBERLY (check in with Xavier)
  2. JOSEPH (check in with Jose)
  3. MONICA (check in with Angelina)
  4. ALISSA (check in with Onica)

Monday, October 24, 2016

Research Project Sources

UPDATE: For Thursday's class, review the material posted here, take notes on each article with regard to how it might be useful to our overall research project, and be prepared to be quizzed on the content.

Here are the nine article links and summaries that I received. If you don't see yours here, please follow up right away.

XAVIER

Link: http://www.nea.org/tools/16870.htm

This article pertains to the definition, benefits, overuse, and active learning of "Cooperative Learning." First they had used a definition from Kennesaw State University which stated: "teaching strategy where small teams, each with students of different levels of ability, use a variety of learning activities to improve their understanding of a subject." Then it went into research by Johnson & Johnson which indicated that cooperation compared to others results in better productivity and higher achievement. The overuse of 'Cooperative Learning'  stems from 'Randall' which she says that making members of the group responsible for each others can cause more of a burden and ignore the key points. It finally goes into of how it engages in 'Active Learning', in which it gives ownership of a small piece of material to a member and an opportunity to contribute.

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JOSEPH

Group Work: Using Cooperative Groups Effectively

Link: https://cft.vanderbilt.edu/guides-sub-pages/setting-up-and-facilitating-group-work-using-cooperative-learning-groups-effectively/

Summary: This article is mainly trying to give as much information possible regarding high-level cooperative learning. Its informing the audience, which is probably educators seeking more informative lessons, on the different ways that one can learn in a group. It also goes into depth with topics such as the different theories of group learning, the reasoning behind those theories, and also the different ways that effective group learning can look like.

Title of article 2: 20 Cooperative Learning Tips and Strategies

Link: https://globaldigitalcitizen.org/20-collaborative-learning-tips-and-strategies-for-teachers

Summary: In this article, it doesn’t go into the madness of explaining different theories or ideas, it just states what to do. It lists 20 very specific and clear strategies to help college students learn at their best. Although it doesn't go into the history of cooperative learning and how it came to be, i still think that this is an effective article because it just gives you the hands on plan for teachers to help there students right away.

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JULIE

Link: http://www.nea.org/tools/16870.htm

{No summary}

---

JOSE

https://www.aacu.org/leap/hips

I really like this article because one it talks about freshman year seminars and how beneficial they are to have them as a college student. But it also talks about collaborative research and it talks about two things how it shows people to work and solve problems in the company of others and also to further their own understanding by listening critically to others.

https://voting.svsu.edu/media/enrollmentmanagement/docs/Cooperative%20Learning%20Returns%20to%20College.pdf

I really like this article because it has a lot of research to back up the claims that cooperative learning actually is better than competitive or individual learning. There was one study that showed that college students who would score at the 50th percentile learning competitively would score at the 69th. Also those who scored at the 53rd percentile learning individually would score at the 70th learning cooperatively. Not only that but it also impacts personal development and satisfaction with the college effectiveness. Another thing is that there is a better quality of the relationships between students and faculty.

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ANGELINA

http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1055588.pdf

This document has to do with making cooperative learning work in a college classroom. It talks about five things that make cooperative learning work. Those five things are positive interdependence, individual accountability, interpersonal skills, face-to-face promotive interaction, and processing out. It states how cooperative learning has academic and social benefits.

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KELLY

http://web.stanford.edu/dept/CTL/Newsletter/cooperative.pdf

    In a study by Stanford University, it is found that students that work in small groups are more successful in class or research assignments. Students are able to remember and retain more information when they are learning in a small group rather than other instructional formats such as lectures or individual assignments. The benefits of working in a small group includes increased participation of the students in class, and a better understanding and retention of the material that is being learned. But this study also shows that one of the greatest benefits that comes from working in a small group is that students acquire study skills that help contribute to their future success in school. The Newsletter also talks about the benefits that a teacher receives out of assigning their students to work in small group along with the struggles that come along with it.

---

LARISSA

http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED448443.pdf

This article talks about the difference of cooperative learning verses collaberative learning. it talks about teachers and their point of views. It also talks about the benefits for both collaborative and cooperative learning.

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MOISES

http://www.ascd.org/publications/educational-leadership/oct14/vol72/num02/Making-Cooperative-Learning-Powerful.aspx

The article “Making Cooperative Learning Powerful” written by Robert E. Slavin lists five key practices that bring out the tremendous potential in cooperative learning. First step listed is forming a team of diverse students who care about helping one another learn and reaching a successful point as a team. The second step listed is to set a team goal or target that determines every member to work hard. Third step is to ensure individual accountability making sure everyone does their duties. Fourth step listed is the teaching of communication and problem-solving skills so member master key interpersonal skills. The last key point is to integrate cooperative learning with other structures. At the end of the day lectures can be learned a lot easier when it comes from another student because of the language used.

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ONICA

http://teaching.uncc.edu/learning-resources/articles-books/best-practice/instructional-methods/best-practices-summary

This link is a brief summary from UNC, Charlotte of what is cosnidered "best practices in college teaching" that characterizes different ways of teaching that includes different kind of different group practices such as discussions, and individual task reviews as well as roleplay to trigger problem-solving strategies, and personal meaning to what is being learned.

I hope this link serves our project well,

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JAMIE

https://cft.vanderbilt.edu/guides-sub-pages/team-based-learning/ (related to Joseph's 1st article)

Summary: The article I found was about having formal and informal cooperative learning groups. Informal cooperative groups usually consist of 2-4 students that work together to answer and respond to questions given to them by the instructor for just for parts of a class period. Examples of informal cooperative learning activities include think-pair-share, peer instructor, and lastly the jigsaw activity. Formal cooperative learning groups work in groups for one or more class periods to complete a task or assignment. The idea of cooperating learning is to help the individual and the the group mates to learn from each other based on different opinions and perspectives. Evidence shows that it contributes to greater achievement than competitive and individualistic learning styles. In order to make group work more effective; assign goals, explain task, monitor, asses and reflect within the group.

Tuesday, October 18, 2016

Midterm Exam

On Thursday we will have our midterm exam. To prepare, review the class blog and your notes. You will need to be able to briefly define/summarize the neuroscience concepts we have explored:
  1. Growth vs. Fixed Mindset; 
  2. The Adolescent Brain; 
  3. How Poverty Affects the Brain; 
  4. Reading and Note Taking in the Digital Age; 
  5. Stereotype Threat; and 
  6. Neuro-plasticity. 
Strong summaries will include an example of an experiment described in the article or talk.

You will also need to be able to identify on a map the locations of the ancient schools we've visited and, in a sentence or two, describe the education system of each place and the purposes they served in their societies:
  1. The Eduba of Mesopotamia
  2. Greece (Athens and Sparta)
  3. The Imperial Examination System of China
  4. The Tēlpochcalli and the Calmecac of the Aztec Empire
The exam will not take up the entire class time, so we will continue to explore the materials you've found about cooperative learning in preparation for our research project.

Thursday, October 13, 2016

Lots to Do!

Call to Action Reflection
Your post-flection (the concept formerly known as reflection) is due before Tuesday as a post of 150-200 words on your blog.
What did you learn about the value of service as a learning experience through your community
engagement activity on Call to Action Day? In what way did the activity give you opportunities to develop meaningful community with your community partner organization?
For a reminder of the specific expectations for this post or other posts that you are required to complete for the semester, you can review them on the Meta-Blog here.

Research Project
The next blog post is due following the November 3rd Freshman Research Conference, which begs the question, what is the research we are going to do and present at the conference?! As this is a seminar on how we learn, we are going to explore, as a class, the scholarship on cooperative research and/or cooperative learning.

For Tuesday's class, you will work with your partner to find two on-line articles (per team) that describe research related to cooperative learning or cooperative research practices at the college level. If you find something related to but not exactly on the topic that you think might be worth considering, you may include it. You must write a short summary (precise) of each article. Send the links to the articles along with your summaries to me before class on Tuesday.

Midterm Exam
Finally, we have a midterm exam on Thursday of next week. On Tuesday, we will review what you are expected to know for the exam. Check now to see what you might be missing from your notes. The class blog is a good place to review what we have covered so far, including links to videos like the one we watched today.

Sunday, October 9, 2016

Call to Action Day--A Three Hour Tour.....

Tuesday we are headed out to the Port of Redwood City to join a brace of 5th graders for an epic field trip aboard the Brownlee Research Vessel of the Marine Science Institute. Please eat lunch before gathering at noon on the quad to catch our coach to the dock. Remember to bring layers of clothing and wear close-toed shoes. Snacks and water will be provided. It's going to be GREAT!!!

For Thursday's class, we will explore neuroplasticity. Please watch this video, take some notes on it, and come ready to discuss it.

Tuesday, October 4, 2016

Aztec Schools: The Tēlpochcalli and the Calmecac

**Please register for Call to Action Day here: http://www.ndnu.edu/call-to-action/ **

So now you've checked out the education options of the Aztec empire. If you were living there then, what school would you go to, and what would you study?

For Thursday's class, read "Picture yourself as a stereotypical male," clicking on and exploring the links within the article, and answer the following questions:
  1. What are some hypotheses as to why men outperform women in a cluster of tests related to spatial ability?
  2. What did the gender-priming experiment show?
  3. What is "stereotype threat"?
  4. Describe four of the experiments cited in the article that demonstrated the affects of stereotype threat.
  5. What does the brain do in the ventral anterior cingulate cortex?
  6. What social-psychological interventions can ameliorate the achievement gap? (N.B. look up words you aren't familiar with.)
Please bring your written answers to class and be prepared for a thrilling discussion.